Introduction to 1000-9000 series aluminum alloys

Introduction to 1000-9000 series aluminum alloys

1000-9000 series aluminum alloys can roughly summarize all aluminum alloys. Aluminum alloys can be divided into different series due to different alloy compositions and properties.

1000 series aluminum alloy

1000 series: 1000 series aluminum alloy represents 1050, 1060 and 1100 series. The 1000 series contains the most aluminum among all series. The purity can reach more than 99.00%. Since it does not contain other technical elements, the production process is relatively simple and the price is relatively cheap. It is currently the most commonly used series in conventional industries. Most of the ones currently circulating on the market are 1050 and 1060 series.

The minimum aluminum content of the 1000 series aluminum plates is determined based on the last two Arabic numerals of the series. For example, the last two Arabic numerals of the 050 series are 50. According to the international brand naming principles, the aluminum content must reach more than 99.5% to be a qualified product. my country’s aluminum alloy technical standards (gB/T3880-2006) also clearly stipulate that the aluminum content of 1050 must reach 99.5%. In the same way, the aluminum content of 1060 series aluminum plates must reach more than 99.6%.

Industrial pure aluminum has the general characteristics of aluminum, including low density, good electrical and thermal conductivity, good corrosion resistance, and good plastic processing properties. It can be processed into plates, strips, foils, and extruded products. It can be used for gas welding, chlorine arc welding, and spot welding. weld.

Features: Contains more than 99.00% aluminum, has good electrical conductivity, good corrosion resistance, good welding performance, low strength, and cannot be strengthened by heat treatment.

Application: High-purity aluminum (containing more than 99.9% aluminum) is mainly used for scientific experiments, chemical industry and special purposes

Features: Aluminum-containing alloy with copper as the main alloying element. Magnesium, lead and secretion are also added for machinability.

For example: 2011 alloy, pay attention to safety protection during the smelting process (harmful gases will be produced). 2014 alloy is used in the aerospace industry with high strength. 2017 alloy is a bit less strong than 2014 alloy, but easier to machine. 2014 can be heat treated and strengthened.

Disadvantages: Serious intergranular corrosion tendency.

Application: aviation industry (2014 alloy), screws (2011 alloy) and industries with higher operating temperatures (2017 alloy).

Features: Aluminum alloy with manganese as the main alloy element, cannot be strengthened by heat treatment, has good corrosion resistance and good welding performance. Good plasticity. (Close to super aluminum alloy).

Disadvantages: Low strength, but strength can be enhanced through cold work hardening. It is easy to produce coarse grains during annealing.

Application: Oil-conducting seamless pipes (3003 alloy) used on aircraft, cans (3004 alloy).

Feasibility of anodizing: Lxxx series aluminum alloys are also called “pure aluminum” and are generally not used for hard anodizing. But it has good properties in bright anodizing and protective anodizing.

2000 series aluminum alloy

2000 Series: The 2000 series aluminum alloy represents 2024, 2A16 (LY16), and 2A02 (LY6). The 2000 series aluminum plate is characterized by high hardness, among which the copper content is the highest, about 3-5%. 2000 series aluminum rods are aviation aluminum materials and are currently not commonly used in conventional industries.

Duralumin: code 2XXX, commonly used ones are 2A11, 2A12, etc. Duralumin has good mechanical properties, high strength (for example, the tensile strength of 2A12-T4 can reach more than 469MPa), easy to process, and low density, so it can be used as a lightweight structural material. In general hard aluminum, magnesium does not exceed 2%. Yu can improve strength and corrosion resistance, but manganese is generally limited to less than 1%. Adding a small amount of zinc can refine the grains. Both iron and silicon are limited to less than 0.5-0.6%, and it is hoped that the iron-silicon ratio is greater than or equal to one.

The main disadvantages of hard aluminum are:

• 1) The corrosion resistance is poor, so it is necessary to roll a layer of industrial pure aluminum on the surface of the duralumin plate (the thickness of pure aluminum accounts for 3-5% of the thickness of the plate) to become aluminum-clad duralumin. The strength is reduced when there is an aluminum cladding layer.
• 2) The temperature range of solid solution treatment is narrow. Below this temperature, the maximum strengthening effect cannot be exerted. If the upper limit temperature is exceeded, the grain boundary may “pass” and the grain aggregation may be destroyed.
• 3) Welding cracks tend to be large, making it difficult to use fusion welding.
• 4) Feasibility of anodizing: 2xxx series aluminum alloys are also called “aluminum copper magnesium alloys”. Since the AL-Cu intermetallic compounds in the alloy are easily dissolved during anodizing, it is difficult to form a dense anodic oxide film on the protective anode. When oxidized, its corrosion resistance is worse, so this series of aluminum alloys are not easy to anodize.

3000 series aluminum alloy

3000 series: The 3000 series aluminum alloys mainly represent 3A21 and 3003 aluminum. my country’s 3000 series aluminum plate production technology is relatively excellent. 3000 series aluminum rods are made of elements as the main components. The content is between 1.0-1.5, which is a series with better anti-rust function.

The main features and application of 3003: It is an AL-M series alloy, which is the most widely used anti-rust aluminum. The strength of this alloy is not high (slightly higher than industrial pure aluminum) and cannot be strengthened by heat treatment, so cold processing is used. Improve its mechanical properties: it has high plasticity in the annealed state, good plasticity during semi-cold work hardening, low plasticity during cold work hardening, good corrosion resistance, good weldability, and poor machinability. It is mainly used for low-load parts that require high plasticity and good weldability and work in liquid or gas media, such as fuel tanks, gasoline or lubricating oil conduits, various liquid containers and other small-load parts made by deep drawing: Wire used to make rivets

Feasibility of anodizing: 3xxx series aluminum alloy, also known as “aluminum alloy”, will not reduce the corrosion resistance of the anodized film. However, due to the A1-Mn intermetallic compound particles, the anodized film will appear gray or gray-brown.

4000 series aluminum alloy

4000 series: The 4000 series aluminum alloy is represented by 4A01. The 4000 series aluminum plates belong to the series with higher silicon content. Usually the silicon content is between 4.5-6.0%. It belongs to construction materials, mechanical parts, forging materials, and welding materials. It has low melting point and good corrosion resistance. Product description: It has the characteristics of heat resistance and wear resistance. It is mainly made of silicon and is not commonly used. Some 4 series alloys can be strengthened by heat treatment, but some 4 series alloys cannot be heat treated.

Feasibility of anodizing: 4xxx series aluminum alloy is also called “aluminum-silicon alloy”. Because this alloy contains silicon components, the anodized film will be gray. The higher the silicon content, the darker the color. Therefore, it is not easy to anodize.

5000 series aluminum alloy

5000 series: The 5000 series aluminum alloy represents the 5052, 5005, 5083, and 5A05 series. 5000 series aluminum rods belong to the more commonly used alloy aluminum plate series. The main element is magnesium, and the magnesium content is between 3-5%. It can also be called aluminum-magnesium alloy. The main features are low density, high tensile strength and high elongation. The weight of aluminum-magnesium alloy is lower than other series under the same area. It is also widely used in conventional industries. In my country, the 5000 series aluminum plate is one of the more mature aluminum plate series.

Features: Mainly magnesium. It has good durability, good welding performance and good fatigue strength. It cannot be strengthened by heat treatment and can only be strengthened by cold working.

Application: lawnmower handles, aircraft fuel tank ducts, body armor.

Feasibility of anodizing: 5xxx series aluminum alloy, also known as “Aluminum Alloy”, is a widely used aluminum alloy system with good corrosion resistance and good weldability. This series of aluminum alloys can be anodized. If the magnesium content is high, the brightness will not be enough. Typical aluminum alloy grade: 5052.

6000 series aluminum alloy

6000 series: The 6000 series aluminum alloy represents 6061, which mainly contains magnesium and silicon. Therefore, it combines the advantages of the 4000 series and the 5000 series. 6061 is a cold-processed aluminum forged product suitable for applications with high requirements for corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance. Good workability, easy coating and good processability.

Characteristics: medium strength, good corrosion resistance, good welding performance, good process performance (easy to extrusion and forming) and good oxidation and coloring performance.

Application: Transportation tools (such as car luggage racks, doors, windows, car bodies, radiators, fuel tank shells) 6061 aluminum is an A1-Mg-Si alloy with medium strength, good plasticity and excellent corrosion resistance. In particular, it has no tendency to stress corrosion cracking, has excellent weldability, corrosion resistance and cold workability. It is a promising alloy with a wide range of uses. It can be anodized and colored, or painted with enamel, and is suitable for use as building decoration materials.

It contains a small amount of Cu, so its strength is higher than that of 6063, but its quenching sensitivity is also higher than that of 6063. It cannot be air quenched after extrusion, and requires re-solution treatment and quenching aging to obtain higher strength. Alcoa 6061-T651 is the main alloy of the 6 series alloy. It is a high-quality aluminum alloy product that has undergone heat treatment and pre-stretching process. Alcoa 6061 has excellent processing performance, good corrosion resistance, high toughness and shapeless shape after processing. It has excellent features such as easy color film application and excellent oxidation effect.

Feasibility of anodizing: 6xxx series aluminum alloy, also known as “aluminum magnesium silicon alloy”, is particularly important in engineering applications and is mainly used for extruded profiles. This series of alloys can be anodized. Typical grades: 6063, 6463 (mainly suitable for bright anodized). The anodized film of high-strength 6061 and 6082 alloys cannot exceed 10m, otherwise the anodized film will appear light gray or yellow-gray, and its corrosion resistance is also significantly lower than that of 6063 and 6463.

7000 series aluminum alloy

7000 series: The 7000 series aluminum alloy represents 7075, which mainly contains zinc. It also belongs to the aviation series. It is an aluminum-magnesium-zinc-copper alloy. It is a heat-treatable alloy. It is a superhard aluminum alloy and has good wear resistance. Currently, it basically relies on imports. Our country’s production technology needs to be improved. Zinc is the main alloy element in 7075. Adding magnesium to an alloy containing 3%-7.5% zinc can form MgZn2 with significant strengthening effect, making the alloy’s heat treatment effect far better than that of aluminum-zinc binary alloys. Increasing the zinc and magnesium content in the alloy will further increase the tensile strength, but its ability to resist stress corrosion and spalling corrosion will decrease. It can achieve very high strength properties when subjected to heat treatment.

7075 materials generally add a small amount of copper, chromium and other alloys. Among them, 7075-T651 aluminum alloy is particularly top-grade and is known as the best product among aluminum alloys. It has high strength and is far superior to any mild steel. This alloy also has good mechanical properties and anodic reaction. Representative uses include aerospace, mold processing, mechanical equipment, and tooling fixtures. It is especially used to manufacture aircraft structures and other high-stress structures that require high strength and strong corrosion resistance.

7075 aluminum alloy properties:

• 1. High strength heat treatable alloy.
• 2. Good mechanical properties
• 3. Good usability
• 4. Easy to process and good wear resistance.
• 5. Good corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance.

Features: Mainly zinc, but sometimes magnesium and copper are added in small amounts. Among them, superhard aluminum alloy is an alloy containing zinc, lead, magnesium and copper that is close to the hardness of steel. The extrusion speed is slower than that of 6 series alloys and the welding performance is good. 7005 and 7075 are the highest grades in the 7 series and can be strengthened by heat treatment.

Application: aviation (load-bearing components of aircraft, landing gear), rockets, propellers, and aviation spacecraft.

8000 series aluminum alloy

8000 series: The most commonly used 8000 series aluminum alloys are 8011, 8021, and 8079. Most of them are used in aluminum foil production and are often used in food packaging, pharmaceutical packaging and other fields.

9000 series aluminum alloy

9000 Series: 9000 series aluminum alloys are alternate alloys